tym razem na łamach mojego bloga znajdzie się konstrukcja prosta, lecz na codzień potrzebna – pogodynka z prognozą pogody oraz pomiarem temperatury wilgotności i ciśnienia w pomieszczeniu.
Projekt rozpoczął się z powodu leżącego ponad rok na półce Raspberry pi zero oraz wyświetlacza e-papier – waweshare 2,7 cala. Dodatkowo znalazł się tam również czujnik BME280.
Cały kod został napisany w języku python. Prognoza pogoda oparta jest o dane pobierane przez wifi ze strony openwheatermap. Wystarczy się zalogować i za darmo można pobierać 60x na minutę prognozę pogody. Do tego twórcy strony dodają instrukcję jak szybko zaimplementować api do swojego programu.
Skrypt wyzwalam co 1 godzinę. Przez to że wyświetlacz nie emituje światła, nadaje się do sypialni i nie trzeba go wyłączać w nocy. Jedynym minusem jest to że wyświetlacz odświeża się dosyć długo – 2 sekundy – przy czym miga na czarno i biało.
Oczywiście takie wykorzystanie Raspberry to przerost formy nad treścią, lecz w obudowie można ukryś parę innych czujników, podłączyć drukarkę i zrobić z pogodynki printserwer czy też zlecić kopanie kryptowalut
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#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import epd2in7b import time import commands import sys import os import smbus import socket from ctypes import c_short from ctypes import c_byte from ctypes import c_ubyte picdir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))), 'P/pic') from PIL import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFont import traceback #IP def get_ip(): s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) try: # doesn't even have to be reachable s.connect(('10.255.255.255', 1)) IP = s.getsockname()[0] except: IP = '127.0.0.1' finally: s.close() return IP print "\n IP :", get_ip() #BME280 DEVICE = 0x76 # Default device I2C address bus = smbus.SMBus(1) # Rev 2 Pi, Pi 2 & Pi 3 uses bus 1 # Rev 1 Pi uses bus 0 def getShort(data, index): # return two bytes from data as a signed 16-bit value return c_short((data[index+1] << 8) + data[index]).value def getUShort(data, index): # return two bytes from data as an unsigned 16-bit value return (data[index+1] << 8) + data[index] def getChar(data,index): # return one byte from data as a signed char result = data[index] if result > 127: result -= 256 return result def getUChar(data,index): # return one byte from data as an unsigned char result = data[index] & 0xFF return result def readBME280ID(addr=DEVICE): # Chip ID Register Address REG_ID = 0xD0 (chip_id, chip_version) = bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, REG_ID, 2) return (chip_id, chip_version) def readBME280All(addr=DEVICE): # Register Addresses REG_DATA = 0xF7 REG_CONTROL = 0xF4 REG_CONFIG = 0xF5 REG_CONTROL_HUM = 0xF2 REG_HUM_MSB = 0xFD REG_HUM_LSB = 0xFE # Oversample setting - page 27 OVERSAMPLE_TEMP = 2 OVERSAMPLE_PRES = 2 MODE = 1 # Oversample setting for humidity register - page 26 OVERSAMPLE_HUM = 2 bus.write_byte_data(addr, REG_CONTROL_HUM, OVERSAMPLE_HUM) control = OVERSAMPLE_TEMP<<5 | OVERSAMPLE_PRES<<2 | MODE bus.write_byte_data(addr, REG_CONTROL, control) # Read blocks of calibration data from EEPROM # See Page 22 data sheet cal1 = bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, 0x88, 24) cal2 = bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, 0xA1, 1) cal3 = bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, 0xE1, 7) # Convert byte data to word values dig_T1 = getUShort(cal1, 0) dig_T2 = getShort(cal1, 2) dig_T3 = getShort(cal1, 4) dig_P1 = getUShort(cal1, 6) dig_P2 = getShort(cal1, 8) dig_P3 = getShort(cal1, 10) dig_P4 = getShort(cal1, 12) dig_P5 = getShort(cal1, 14) dig_P6 = getShort(cal1, 16) dig_P7 = getShort(cal1, 18) dig_P8 = getShort(cal1, 20) dig_P9 = getShort(cal1, 22) dig_H1 = getUChar(cal2, 0) dig_H2 = getShort(cal3, 0) dig_H3 = getUChar(cal3, 2) dig_H4 = getChar(cal3, 3) dig_H4 = (dig_H4 << 24) >> 20 dig_H4 = dig_H4 | (getChar(cal3, 4) & 0x0F) dig_H5 = getChar(cal3, 5) dig_H5 = (dig_H5 << 24) >> 20 dig_H5 = dig_H5 | (getUChar(cal3, 4) >> 4 & 0x0F) dig_H6 = getChar(cal3, 6) # Wait in ms (Datasheet Appendix B: Measurement time and current calculation) wait_time = 1.25 + (2.3 * OVERSAMPLE_TEMP) + ((2.3 * OVERSAMPLE_PRES) + 0.575) + ((2.3 * OVERSAMPLE_HUM)+0.575) time.sleep(wait_time/1000) # Wait the required time # Read temperature/pressure/humidity data = bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, REG_DATA, 8) pres_raw = (data[0] << 12) | (data[1] << 4) | (data[2] >> 4) temp_raw = (data[3] << 12) | (data[4] << 4) | (data[5] >> 4) hum_raw = (data[6] << 8) | data[7] #Refine temperature var1 = ((((temp_raw>>3)-(dig_T1<<1)))*(dig_T2)) >> 11 var2 = (((((temp_raw>>4) - (dig_T1)) * ((temp_raw>>4) - (dig_T1))) >> 12) * (dig_T3)) >> 14 t_fine = var1+var2 temperature = float(((t_fine * 5) + 128) >> 8); # Refine pressure and adjust for temperature var1 = t_fine / 2.0 - 64000.0 var2 = var1 * var1 * dig_P6 / 32768.0 var2 = var2 + var1 * dig_P5 * 2.0 var2 = var2 / 4.0 + dig_P4 * 65536.0 var1 = (dig_P3 * var1 * var1 / 524288.0 + dig_P2 * var1) / 524288.0 var1 = (1.0 + var1 / 32768.0) * dig_P1 if var1 == 0: pressure=0 else: pressure = 1048576.0 - pres_raw pressure = ((pressure - var2 / 4096.0) * 6250.0) / var1 var1 = dig_P9 * pressure * pressure / 2147483648.0 var2 = pressure * dig_P8 / 32768.0 pressure = pressure + (var1 + var2 + dig_P7) / 16.0 # Refine humidity humidity = t_fine - 76800.0 humidity = (hum_raw - (dig_H4 * 64.0 + dig_H5 / 16384.0 * humidity)) * (dig_H2 / 65536.0 * (1.0 + dig_H6 / 67108864.0 * humidity * (1.0 + dig_H3 / 67108864.0 * humidity))) humidity = humidity * (1.0 - dig_H1 * humidity / 524288.0) if humidity > 100: humidity = 100 elif humidity < 0: humidity = 0 return temperature/100.0,pressure/100.0,humidity def main(): (chip_id, chip_version) = readBME280ID() print "===Temperature internal sensor===" print " Chip ID :", chip_id print " Version :", chip_version temperature,pressure,humidity = readBME280All() print " Temperature : ", temperature, "C" print " Pressure : ", pressure, "hPa" print " Humidity : ", humidity, "%" if __name__=="__main__": main() #BME280 END #API # Python program to find current # weather details of any city # using openweathermap api # import required modules import requests, json # Enter your API key here api_key = "94115424xxxxxxxxxxxxxx" # base_url variable to store url base_url = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?" # Give city name city_name = ("Krakow,pl") # complete_url variable to store # complete url address complete_url = base_url + "q=" + city_name + "&appid=" + api_key # get method of requests module # return response object response = requests.get(complete_url) # json method of response object # convert json format data into # python format data x = response.json() #print(x) # Now x contains list of nested dictionaries # Check the value of "cod" key is equal to # "404", means city is found otherwise, # city is not found if x["cod"] != "404": # store the value of "main" # key in variable y y = x["main"] # store the value corresponding # to the "temp" key of y current_temperature = y["temp"] ctemp = (float(current_temperature)-273.25) ctemp = round(ctemp,1) min_temperature = y["temp_min"] mintemp = (float(min_temperature)-273.25) mintemp = round(mintemp,1) max_temperature = y["temp_max"] maxtemp = (float(max_temperature)-273.25) maxtemp = round(maxtemp,1) f = x["wind"] current_wind = f["speed"] wind = float(current_wind) # store the value corresponding # to the "pressure" key of y current_pressure = y["pressure"] # store the value corresponding # to the "humidity" key of y current_humidiy = y["humidity"] # store the value of "weather" # key in variable z z = x["weather"] # store the value corresponding # to the "description" key at # the 0th index of z weather_description = z[0]["description"] t = time.localtime() current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M", t) # print following values print("\n===Forecast==="+ "\n Temperature (deg C) = " + str(ctemp) + "\n Atmospheric pressure (in hPa unit) = " + str(current_pressure) + "\n Humidity (in percentage) = " + str(current_humidiy) + "\n Description = " + str(weather_description)+ "\n Time = " + current_time + "\n ") else: print(" City Not Found ") #API END #DISPLAY try: epd = epd2in7b.EPD() epd.init() print("Clear Display...") epd.Clear(0xFF) # Drawing on the Horizontal image HBlackimage = Image.new('1', (epd2in7b.EPD_HEIGHT, epd2in7b.EPD_WIDTH), 255) # 298*126 HRedimage = Image.new('1', (epd2in7b.EPD_HEIGHT, epd2in7b.EPD_WIDTH), 255) # 298*126 # Horizontal print("...Drawing Frame...") drawblack = ImageDraw.Draw(HBlackimage) drawred = ImageDraw.Draw(HRedimage) HBlackimage = Image.open(os.path.join(picdir, '2in77.bmp')) #font h1 = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/fonts/truetype/piboto/Piboto-Bold.ttf', 36) h2 = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/fonts/truetype/piboto/Piboto-Bold.ttf', 24) h3 = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/fonts/truetype/piboto/Piboto-Bold.ttf', 18) h4 = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/fonts/truetype/piboto/Piboto-Bold.ttf', 16) #text print("...Drawing text...") # X Y # Column X=20 column = 20 #drawred.text((column, 0), (str("Forecast")), font = h4, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 20), (str(ctemp)), font = h1, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 60), (str(current_humidiy)), font = h2, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 85), (str(current_pressure)), font = h2, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 110), (str(wind)), font = h2, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 135), (str(weather_description)), font = h3, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 155), (""+ current_time+" "+get_ip()), font = h3, fill = 0) # Column X=150 column = 150 temperature,pressure,humidity = readBME280All() #drawred.text((column, 0), (str("Home temperature")), font = h4, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 20), (str(round(temperature,1))),font = h1, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 60), (str(round(humidity))), font = h2, fill = 0) drawred.text((column, 85), (str(round(pressure))), font = h2, fill = 0) # drawred.text((60, 5),(str(maxtemp)), font = font19, fill = 0) # drawred.text((20, 20), (str(ctemp)), font = font36, fill = 0) # drawred.text((60, 60),(str(mintemp)), font = font19, fill = 0) # drawred.text((150, 20), (str(current_pressure)), font = font24, fill = 0) # drawred.text((170, 70), (str(current_humidiy)), font = font24, fill = 0) # drawred.text((170, 130),(str(wind)), font = font24, fill = 0) # drawred.text((5, 90), ( str(weather_description)), font = font18, fill = 0) # drawred.text((5, 140),("Update: "+ current_time), font = font18, fill = 0) epd.display(epd.getbuffer(HBlackimage), epd.getbuffer(HRedimage)) time.sleep(2) epd.sleep() print("...Done...") except : print ('traceback.format_exc():\n%s',traceback.format_exc()) exit() |
Obudowa została wydrukowana w dwóch kawałkach z materiału PLA. Dodatkowo dodane zostały nóżki gumowe firmy 3M. Projekt natomiast powstał w oprogramowaniu FreeCAD. Ogólnie polecam program, w dwa popołudnia od zera i bez podstaw można go opanować.
Jak na pierwszą obudowę 3D mojego autorstwa, uważam za udaną i bardzo mi się podoba.
obrazek jak i icony zostały wykonane przeze mnie w programie graficznym – Paint – proszę się nie śmiać zbyt głośno 🙂
Moduł z czujnikiem został ukryty w gnieździe DB9 – tak by w środku obudowy nie był regularnie podgrzewany za pomocą raspberry 🙂
Pobór prądu w czasie pracy nie jest większy niż 180mA przy 5V.